Government budget balance

What governments collect minus what they spend, as a share of GDP: below zero is a deficit.

The budget balance is a country's government revenue minus its spending, interest included, as a share of GDP. Above zero is a surplus; below zero is a deficit, which the government covers by borrowing, so its debt grows. It covers central, state and local government and social security funds together. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) publishes it in its World Economic Outlook. We show past years only and leave out the IMF's forecasts; the latest year can still be an IMF estimate.

World map · Budget balance, % of GDP

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026) · fetched 26 Oct 2026

Over time · Budget balance, % of GDP

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook (October 2026) · fetched 26 Oct 2026

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Every country and year, with the source on each row.

Portrait of Klaus Jürgen Folz

About the author

Hello there, I’m Klaus Jürgen Folz. I studied Mechanical Engineering at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) in Brazil, and I work in Austria as a lead Python and Power BI developer. I built Data Mechanics because good decisions start with facts. Public data is often scattered, hard to find or locked behind paywalls, and too much of what we read about the world is biased. Here, every number is shown as it was published, next to its source, so anyone can check it, compare countries and leaders, and draw their own conclusions.