Consumption-based CO2 emissions

CO2 emissions caused by what a country consumes, imports included and exports left out, per person.

Consumption-based emissions assign CO2 to the country where goods are consumed rather than where they are made: a country's own emissions, plus those embedded in its imports, minus those in its exports. They show whether a country has cut its emissions or moved them abroad. The Global Carbon Project estimates them from trade and energy data, and Our World in Data republishes the per-person figures. Fewer countries are covered than for production-based CO2.

World map · Consumption-based CO2 per person

Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data (updated 2025-11-13) · fetched 29 Oct 2026

Over time · Consumption-based CO2 per person

Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data (updated 2025-11-13) · fetched 29 Oct 2026

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All countries · Consumption-based CO2 per person

Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data (updated 2025-11-13) · fetched 29 Oct 2026

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Every country and year, with the source on each row.

Portrait of Klaus Jürgen Folz

About the author

Hello there, I’m Klaus Jürgen Folz. I studied Mechanical Engineering at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) in Brazil, and I work in Austria as a lead Python and Power BI developer. I built Data Mechanics because good decisions start with facts. Public data is often scattered, hard to find or locked behind paywalls, and too much of what we read about the world is biased. Here, every number is shown as it was published, next to its source, so anyone can check it, compare countries and leaders, and draw their own conclusions.