Vulnerable employment

The share of workers who work on their own account or in a family business, often without a contract or protection.

Vulnerable employment is the share of employed people who work on their own account or help in a family business, rather than for a wage. These jobs often come without a contract, social security or a steady income, so the measure is a widely used proxy for informal work. The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates it from national labour force surveys with a model that fills the gaps, and the World Bank republishes it.

• Economy
• Labour market
• Informal work
• ILO
• Country
• Year